Preparation and ballistic test of boron carbide composite target
In recent 30 years, the multi-layer structure composed of metal and non-metal is generally used in composite armor, which is composed of outer armor steel and back plate armor, and filled with nonmetallic materials (ceramic and reinforced fiber). The common ceramic materials are alumina, silicon carbide, zirconia, boron carbide, etc., and the reinforced fibers are glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.
In the following, taking boron carbide composite target as an example, the preparation and ballistic test process are introduced.
Structure and package of composite target plate
Schematic diagram of composite armor ceramic target
The target plates from left to right are aluminum alloy panel, 4 layers of glass fiber cloth, aluminum alloy frame and ceramic plate, 2 layers of glass fiber cloth, aluminum alloy back plate and 45 steel base plate. The aluminum alloy frame is used to constrain the ceramic block in two dimensions, and then the glass fiber cloth is laid on the front and back of the ceramic layer (four layers of glass fiber cloth on the front and two layers of glass fiber cloth on the back). The front and back are sealed with aluminum alloy plate, and the whole structure is solidified into composite armor ceramic structure at room temperature with polyurethane adhesive.
Ballistic performance test
The penetration test was carried out with 85 type 7.62mm sniper rifle. The projectile velocity range was v25 = 818 ± 8m / s, and the shooting distance was 10m.
The velocity of projectile body was measured by Al foil target net and automatic tracking synchrometer. The penetration depth of substrate was measured with steel ruler (accuracy of 1 mm) and vernier caliper (accuracy of 0.02).
Domestic type 85 7.62mm sniper rifle
When the projectile hits the target plate, the glass fiber layer will tear and burn through the aluminum alloy panel. When the ceramic layer reaches the ceramic layer, the ceramic block forms cracks under the action of stress, and a higher stress is generated at the crack tip. The ceramic layer is rapidly broken and forms a fracture cone under the action of tensile stress. The ceramic fragments begin to flow backward under the extrusion of the projectile. Under the action of high-strength armor ceramics, the head of the projectile begins to be eroded. Due to the three-dimensional constraint of the target plate, the broken ceramics squeeze each other. The reverse flow ceramic fragments hinder the further penetration of the projectile, and dissipate a lot of mass and kinetic energy of the projectile, which greatly reduces the penetration ability of the projectile When the high-speed projectile penetrates the aluminum alloy panel and back plate, a lot of heat is produced due to friction, which makes the aluminum alloy stick to the head of the projectile, which also has a certain blocking effect on the projectile body.
In the test, the blank target is used as the most contrast. The vertical penetration depth of type 85 7.62 mm sniper rifle to 45 steel is 10.5 mm, which is used as the evaluation standard of ballistic performance of ceramic composite armor. The ballistic performance of hot pressed boron carbide armor plate and silicon carbide armor plate is evaluated.
The ballistic performance test results of different ceramic armor are as follows:
| Name of ceramic material |
Ceramic thickness(mm) |
Bullet velocity(m/s) |
Penetration depth of substrate(mm) |
| 45 steel plate |
60mm |
818±8m/s |
10.5mm |
| Hot pressing sintering boron carbide armor ceramics |
5mm |
818±8m/s |
2.3mm |
| Silicon carbide armor ceramics |
5mm |
818±8m/s |
2.5mm |
The test results show that the boron carbide composite armor not only has good mechanical properties and microstructure, but also has excellent ballistic performance and high protection coefficient.
The large-scale hot pressing equipment independently developed by Haoyue Technology can meet the high standard requirements for the production of bulletproof ceramic plug-in board and cast the military industry quality.
Haoyue Technology is a high-tech enterprise integrating R & D, production and sales of electric furnace. The company has been focusing on advanced ceramics and composite materials, semiconductor materials, carbon materials, lithium batteries and new energy materials equipment four major fields, has rich industry experience and professional technology, wholeheartedly serves customers and provides perfect integrated industrial solutions.
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